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Papers in preparation
Hughes, M.A., Shaw L.E. & Williams P.A. Both operons for 4-nitrobenzoate catabolism in Pseudomonas putida TW3 are regulated by PnbR, a member of the LysR family. J. Bacteriol. (submitted). See Abstract.
Williams, P.A., Jones R.M., & Zylstra G.J. The genomics of catabolic plasmids. To be published in two volume book Pseudomonas, ed. J.-L. Ramos. Publishers Kluyver.
Published papers
2003Jones, R.M., Britt-Compton B. & Williams P.A. (2002) The nag genes are an operon in Ralstonia sp. strain U2 that is regulated by NagR, a LysR-type transcriptional regulator. J. Bacteriol. 185: 5847-5853. See (Abstract.)
Jones R.M. & Williams P.A. Mutational analysis of the critical bases involved in the activation of the AreR-regulated sigma54-dependent promoter in Acinetobacter strain ADP1. App. Environ. Microbiol. 69: (In press). See (Abstract.)
Greated A., Lambertsen L., Williams P.A. & Thomas C.M. (2002) Complete sequence analysis of the IncP-9 TOL plasmid pWW0 from Pseudomonas putida. Environ. Microbiol. 4:856-871. See (Full PDF file)
Shaw L.E., Jones R.M. & Williams P.A. (2002) A third transposable element ISPpu12 from the toluene-xylene catabolic (TOL) plasmid pWW0 of Pseudomonas putida mt-2. J.Bacteriol. 184:6572-6580.See (Abstract.) (Full PDF file)
Hughes M.A., Baggs M.J., Al-Dulayyami J., Baird M.S. & Williams P.A. (2002) Accumulation of 2-aminophenoxazin-3-one-7-carboxylate during growth of Pseudomonas putida TW3 on 4-nitro-substituted substrates requires 4-hydroxylaminobenzoate lyase (PnbB). App. Environ. Micro. 68:4965-4970. See (Abstract) (Full PDF file)
Zhou N-Y., Al-Dulayyami J., Baird M.S. & Williams P.A. (2002) Salicylate 5-hydroxylase from Ralstonia sp. strain U2: a monooxygenase with close relationships to and shared electron transport proteins with naphthalene dioxygenase. J.Bacteriol. 184: 1547-1555. See (Abstract) (Full PDF file)
Hughes M.A. & Williams P.A. (2001) Cloning and characterization of the pnb genes encoding the enzymes for 4-nitrobenzoate catabolism in Pseudomonas putida TW3. J.Bacteriol. 183:1225-1232. See (Abstract) (Full PDF file)
Zhou N-Y, Fuenmayor, S.L. & Williams P.A. (2001) nag Genes of Ralstonia (formerly Pseudomonas) sp. strain U2 encoding the enzymes for gentisate catabolism. J.Bacteriol. 183: 700-708. See (Abstract)(Full PDF file)
Jones R.M. & Williams P.A. (2001) areCBA is an operon in Acinetobacter sp. strain ADP1 and is controlled by AreR, a sigma 54-dependent regulator. J.Bacteriol. 183: 405-409. See (Abstract) (Full PDF file)
James K.D., Hughes M.A. & Williams, P.A. (2000) Cloning and expression of ntnD encoding a novel NAD(P)-independent 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas sp. strain TW3. J. Bacteriol. 182: 3136-3141. See (Abstract)(Full PDF file)
Jones R.M., Pagmantidis V. & Williams P.A. (2000) sal Genes determining the catabolism of salicylate esters are part of a supraoperonic cluster of catabolic genes in Acinetobacter sp. ADP1. J.Bacteriol. 182: 2018-2025. See (Abstract)(Full PDF file)
Jones R.M., Collier L.S., Neidle E.L. & Williams P.A. (1999) areABC Genes determine the catabolism of aryl esters in Acinetobacter sp. strain ADP1. J.Bacteriol. 181: 4568-4575.See (Abstract) (Full PDF file)
Duetz W.A., Wind B., van Andel J.G., Barnes M.R., Williams P.A. & Rutgers, M. (1998) Biodegradation kinetics of toluene, m-xylene, p-xylene and their intermediates through the upper TOL pathway in Pseudomonas putida (pWW0). Microbiology, 144: 1669-1675. See Abstract.
Aemprapa S. & Williams P.A. (1998) The implications of the xylQ gene of TOL plasmid pWW102 for the evolution of aromatic catabolic pathways. Microbiology, 144:1387-1396. See Abstract
Fuenmayor, S.L., Wild, M., Boyes, A.L. & Williams P.A. (1998) A gene cluster encoding steps in the conversion of naphthalene to gentisate in Pseudomonas sp. U2. J.Bacteriol.180:2522-2530. See (Abstract) (Full PDF file)
James, K.D. & Williams P.A. (1998) ntn genes determining the early steps in the divergent catabolism of 4-nitrotoluene and toluene in Pseudomonas TW3. J. Bacteriol. 180:2043-2049. See (Abstract) (Full PDF file)
Barnes M.R., Duetz W.A. & Williams P.A. (1997) A 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid catabolic pathway in Rhodococcus globerulus PWD1: cloning and characterization of the hpp operon. J. Bacteriol.179:6145-6153. See (Abstract) (Full PDF file)
Williams P.A. & Shaw L.M. (1997) mucK, a gene in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ADP1 (BD413) encodes the ability to grow on exogeneous cis,cis-muconate as the sole carbon source. J. Bacteriol..179:5935-5942. See (Abstract) (Full PDF file)
Gallegos M-T., Williams P.A. & Ramos J.L. (1997) Transcriptional control of the multiple catabolic pathways encoded on the TOL plasmid pWW53 of Pseudomonas putida MT53. J.Bacteriol. 179:5024-5029. See (Full PDF file)
Schenzle A., Lenke H., Fischer P., Williams P.A., & Knackmuss, H.-J. (1997) Catabolism of 3-nitrophenol by Ralstonia eutropha JMP 134. App. Environ. Microbiol..63:1421-1427. See (Full PDF file)
Williams P.A., Shaw L.M., Pitt C.W. & Vrecl M. (1997) xylUW, two genes at the start of the upper pathway operon of TOL plasmid pWW0, appear to play no essential part in determining its catabolic phenotype. Microbiology UK.143:101-107.
Platt A., Shingler V., Taylor S.C. & Williams P.A. (1995). The 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (acylating) encoded by the nahM and nahO genes of the naphthalene catabolic plasmid pWW60-22 provide further evidence of conservation of meta-cleavage pathway gene sequences. Microbiology UK. 141:2223-2233.
Lloyd-Jones G., Ogden R.C. & Williams P.A. (1995). Inactivation of 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase from Pseudomonas sp. strain CB406 by 3,4-dihydroxybiphenyl (3-phenylcatechol). Biodegradation. 6:11-17.
Williams P.A. & Sayers J.R. (1994). The evolution of pathways for aromatic hydrocarbon oxidation in Pseudomonas. Biodegradation. 5:195-217.
Duetz W.A., De Jong C., Williams P.A. & Van Andel J.G. (1994). Competition in chemostat culture between Pseudomonas strains that use different pathways for the degradation of toluene. Appl.Environ.Microbiol.60:2858-2863.
Lloyd-Jones G. & Williams P.A. (1994). Isolation of large plasmids. In Dale J.W. & Sanders P.G. (eds.), Methods in gene technology. JAI press. U.K.
Carrington B., Lowe A., Shaw L.E. & Williams P.A. (1994). The lower pathway operon for benzoate catabolism in biphenyl-utilizing Pseudomonas sp strain IC and the nucleotide sequence of the bphE gene for catechol 2,3-dioxygenase. Microbiology UK. 140:499-508.
Lloyd-Jones G., De Jong C., Ogden R.C., Duetz W.A. & Williams P.A. (1994). Recombination of the bph catabolic genes from plasmid pWW100 and their deletion during growth on benzoate. Appl.Environ.Microbiol.60:691-696.
Reddy B.R., Shaw L.E., Sayers J.R. & Williams P.A. (1994). Two identical copies of IS1246, a 1275 base pair sequence related to other bacterial insertion sequences, enclose the xyl genes on TOL plasmid pWW0. Microbiology UK. 140:2305-2307.
Assinder S.J., De Marco P., Osborne D.J., Poh C.L., Shaw L.E., Winson M.K. & Williams P.A. (1993). A comparison of the multiple alleles of xylS carried by TOL plasmids pWW53 and pDK1 and its implications for their evolutionary relationship. J.Gen.Microbiol.139:557-568.
Lloyd-Jones G., Ogden R.C. & Williams P.A. (1993). Loss of the bph catabolic genes is reported from the catabolic plasmid of a biphenyl-degrading Pseudomonas sp. during growth on benzoate as sole carbon and energy source. J.Cell.Biochem. :193.
Rhys Williams W., Taylor S.C. & Williams P.A. (1993). A novel pathway for the catabolism of 4-nitrotoluene by Pseudomonas. J.Gen.Microbiol.139:1967-1972.
Williams P.A., Assinder S.J., De Marco P., O'Donnell K.J., Poh C.L., Shaw L.E. & Winson M.K. (1992). Catabolic gene duplications in TOL plasmids, pp. 341-352. In Galli E., Silver S. & Witholt B. (eds.), Pseudomonas.Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. American Society for Microbiology. Washington, DC.
Assinder S.J., De Marco P., Sayers J.R., Shaw L.E., Winson M.K. & Williams P.A. (1992). Identical resolvases are encoded by Pseudomonas TOL plasmids pWW53 and pDK1. Nucleic Acids Res. 20:5476.
O Donnell K.J. & Williams P.A. (1991). Duplication of both xyl catabolic operons on TOL plasmid pWW15. J.Gen.Microbiol.137:2831-2838.
Duetz W.A., Winson M.K., Van Andel J.G. &
Williams P.A. (1991). Mathematical analysis of catabolic function loss
in a population of Pseudomonas putida mt-2 during non-limited growth
on benzoate. J.Gen.Microbiol.137:1363-1368
.
Williams P.A., Assinder S.J. & Shaw L.E.(1990). Construction of hybrid xylE genes between the two duplicate homologous genes from TOL plasmid pWW53 - comparison of the kinetic properties of the gene products. J.Gen.Microbiol. 136:1583-1589.
Assinder S.J. & Williams P.A. (1990). The TOL plasmids - determinants of the catabolism of toluene and the xylenes. Adv.Microb.Physiol.31:1-69.
Assinder S.J. & Williams P.A. (1988). Comparison of the meta-pathway operons on NAH plasmid pWW60-22 and TOL plasmid pWW53-4 and its evolutionary significance. J.Gen.Microbiol.134:2769-2778.
Williams P.A. (1988). The evolution of catabolic plasmids. Heredity. 61:283.
Williams P.A., Taylor S.D. & Gibb L.E. (1988). Loss of the toluene-xylene catabolic genes of TOL plasmid pWW0 during growth of Pseudomonas putida on benzoate is due to a selective growth advantage of cured segregants. J.Gen.Microbiol. 134:2039-2048.
Williams P.A., Gibb L.E., Keil H. & Osborne D.J. (1988). Organisation and relationships between catabolic genes of TOL plasmids, pp. 339-358. In Hagedorn S.R., Hanson R.S. & Kunz D.A. (eds.), Microbial Metabolism and the Carbon Cycle. Harwood Academic Publishers. Chur, Switzerland.
Shaw L.E. & Williams P.A. (1988). Physical and functional mapping of two cointegrate plasmids derived from RP4 and TOL plasmid pKD1. J.Gen.Microbiol.134:2463-2474.
Osborne D.J., Pickup R.W. & Williams P.A. (1988). The presence of 2 complete homologous meta-pathway operons on TOL plasmid pWW53. J.Gen.Microbiol.134:2965-2975.
Williams P.A. (1988). The use of a modified version of ENZPACK to assess the effectiveness of 4 different ways of determining Km and Vmax for Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Biochem.Educ. 16:170-173.
Keil H., Saint C.M. & Williams P.A. (1987). Gene organization of the first catabolic operon of TOL plasmid pWW53 - production of indigo by the xylA gene-product. J.Bacteriol.169:764-770.
Keil H., Keil S. & Williams P.A. (1987). Molecular analysis of regulatory and structural xyl genes of the TOL plasmid pWW53-4. J.Gen.Microbiol.133:1149-1158.
Winstanley C., Taylor S.C. & Williams P.A. (1987). pWW174 - a large plasmid from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus encoding benzene catabolism by the betaketoadipate pathway. Mol.Microbiol.1:219-227.
Williams P.A. (1986). Catabolic plasmids, not dissimilatory. Nature (London). 320:579.
Chatfield L.K. & Williams P.A. (1986). Naturally-occurring TOL plasmids in Pseudomonas strains carry either two homologous or two nonhomologous catechol 2,3-oxygenase genes. J.Bacteriol.168:878-885.
Duggleby C.J. & Williams P.A. (1986). Purification and some properties of the 2-hydroxy-6-oxohepta-2,4-dienoate hydrolase (2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde hydrolase) encoded by the TOL plasmid pWW0 from Pseudomonas putida mt-2. J.Gen.Microbiol.132:717-726.
Cane P.A. & Williams P.A. (1986). A restriction map of naphthalene catabolic plasmid pWW60-1 and the location of some of its catabolic genes. J.Gen.Microbiol.132:2919-2929.
Lebens M.R. & Williams P.A. (1985). Complementation of deletion and insertion mutants of TOL plasmid pWW0 - regulatory implications and location of xylC gene. J.Gen.Microbiol.131:3261-3269.
Keil H., Keil S., Pickup R.W. & Williams P.A. (1985). Evolutionary conservation of genes coding for meta pathway enzymes within TOL plasmids pWW0 and pWW53. J.Bacteriol.164:887-895.
Keil H. & Williams P.A. (1985). A new class of TOL plasmid deletion mutants in Pseudomonas putida MT15 and their reversion by tandem gene amplification. J.Gen.Microbiol.131:1023-1033.
Keil H., Lebens M.R. & Williams P.A. (1985). Tol plasmid pWW15 contains two nonhomologous, independently regulated catechol 2,3-oxygenase genes. J.Bacteriol. 163:248-255.
Williams P.A., Cane P.A., Jeenes D.J. & Pickup R.W. (1983). Correlation between spontaneous phenotypic changes in Pseudomonas strains with changes in the structure of catabolic plasmids: experiences with TOL plasmids, pp. 519-522. In Laskin A.I. & Rogers P. (eds.), Basic Biology of New Developments in Biotechnology. Plenum Press. New York & London.
Williams P.A. (1983). ENZPACK - a microcomputer program to aid in the teaching of enzyme kinetics. Biochem.Educ.11:141-143.
Pickup R.W., Lewis R.J. & Williams P.A. (1983). Pseudomonas sp. MT14, a soil isolate which contains two large catabolic plasmids, one a TOL plasmid and one coding for phenylacetate catabolism and mercury resistance. J.Gen.Microbiol.129:153-158.
Jeenes D.J. & Williams P.A. (1982). Excision and integration of degradative pathway genes from TOL plasmid pWW0. J.Bacteriol.150:188-194.
Williams P.A. (1982). Genetic interactions between mixed microbial populations. Phil.Trans.Roy.Soc. B297:631-638.
Cane P.A. & Williams P.A. (1982). The plasmid-coded metabolism of naphthalene and 2-methylnaphthalene in Pseudomonas strains - phenotypic changes correlated with structural modification of the plasmid pWW60-1. J.Gen.Microbiol. 128:2281-2290.
Pickup R.W. & Williams P.A. (1982). Spontaneous deletions in the TOL plasmid pWW20 which give rise to the B3 regulatory mutants of Pseudomonas putida MT20. J.Gen.Microbiol.128:1385-1390.
Bradley D.E. & Williams P.A. (1982). The TOL plasmid is naturally derepressed for transfer. J.Gen.Microbiol.128:1982.
Jeenes D.J., Reineke W., Knackmuss H.J. & Williams P.A. (1982). TOL plasmid pWW0 in constructed halobenzoate-degrading Pseudomonas strains - enzyme regulation and DNA structure. J.Bacteriol.150:180-187.
Reineke W., Jeenes D.J., Williams P.A. & Knackmuss H.J. (1982). TOL plasmid pWW0 in constructed halobenzoate-degrading Pseudomonas strains - prevention of meta pathway. J.Bacteriol.150:195-201.
Williams P.A. (1981). Catabolic plasmids. Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 6:23-26.
Ribbons D.W. & Williams P.A. (1981). Genetic engineering of microorganisms for chemicals: diversity of genetic and biochemical traits of Pseudomonas, pp. 211-233. In Hollaender (ed.), Genetic Engineering of Microorganisms for Chemicals. Plenum Press. New York & London.
Williams, P.A. (1981). Genetics of Biodegradation. In Leisinger T., Cook A.M., Hutter R. & Nuesch J. (eds.), Microbial Degradation of Xenobiotics and Recalcitrant Molecules. Academic Press. London.
Wheatcroft R. & Williams P.A. (1981). Rapid Methods for the Study of both Stable and Unstable Plasmids in Pseudomonas. J.Gen.Microbiol.124:433-437.
Franklin F.C.H. & Williams P.A. (1980). Construction of a Partial Diploid for the Degradative Pathway Encoded by the TOL plasmid (pWW0) from Pseudomonas putida mt-2: Evidence for the Positive Nature of the Regulation by the xylR Gene. Mol.Gen.Genet.177:321-328.
Williams P.A. (1979). The biology of plasmids, pp. 77-108. In Meadow, P. & Bull, A. (eds.), Companion to Microbiology. Longmans, London.
Williams P.A. (1979). Plasmids involved in the catabolism of aromatic hydrocarbons, pp. 154-159. In Sebek, O.. & Laskin, A. (eds.), Genetics of Industrial Organisms. American Society for Microbiology, Washington.
Williams P.A. (1978). Microbial Genetics Relating to Hydrocarbon Degradation, pp. 135-164. In Watkinson R.J. (ed.), Developments in Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons-1. Applied Science Publishers Ltd. London.
Worsey M.J., Franklin F.C.H. & Williams P.A. (1978). Regulation of the Degradative Pathway Enzymes Coded for by the TOL plasmid (pWW0) from Pseudomonas putida mt-2. J.Bacteriol.134:757-764.
Broda, P., Bayley, S.A., Duggleby, C.J., Heinaru, A., Worsey, M.J. & Williams P.A. (1978). TOL plasmids in Pseudomonas species, pp. 225-226. In Sclessinger, D. (ed.), Microbiology,1978. American Society for Microbiology, Washington.
Williams, P.A. & Worsey, M.J. (1978). Spontaneous regulatory mutants of the TOL20-coded degradative pathway in Pseudomonas putida MT20, pp. 167-170. In Sclessinger, D. (ed.), Microbiology,1978. American Society for Microbiology, Washington.
Worsey M.J. & Williams P.A. (1977). Characterization of a Spontaneously Occurring Mutant of the TOL20 Plasmid in Pseudomonas putida MT20: Possible regulatory Implications. J.Bacteriol.130:1149-1158.
Duggleby C.J., Bayley S.A., Worsey M.J., Williams P.A. & Broda P. (1977). Molecular Sizes and Relationships of TOL plasmids in Pseudomonas. J.Bacteriol.130:1274-1280.
Bayley S.A., Duggleby C.J., Worsey M.J., Williams P.A., Hardy K.G. & Broda P. (1977). Two Modes of Loss of the Tol Function from Pseudomonas putida mt-2. Mol.Gen.Genet. 154:203-204.
Williams P.A. & Worsey M.J. (1976). Ubiquity of Plasmids in Coding for Toluene and Xylene Metabolism in Soil Bacteria: Evidence for the Existence of New TOL plasmids. J.Bacteriol.125:818-828.
Williams P.A., Catterall F.A. & Murray K. (1975). Metabolism of Naphthalene, 2-Methylnaphthalene, Salicylate, and Benzoate by Pseudomonas PG: Regulation of Tangential Pathways. J.Bacteriol.124:679-685.
Worsey M.J. & Williams P.A. (1975). Metabolism of Toluene and Xylenes by Pseudomonas putida (arvilla) mt-2:Evidence for a New Function of the TOL Plasmid. J.Bacteriol.124:7-13.
Williams P.A. & Murray K. (1974). Metabolism of Benzoate and the Methylbenzoates by Pseudomonas arvilla mt-2: Evidence for the existence of a TOL plasmid. J.Bacteriol. 120:416-423.
Murray K. & Williams P.A. (1974). Role of Catechol and the Methylcatechols as Inducers of Aromatic Metabolism in Pseudomonas putida. J.Bacteriol.117:1153-1157.
Sala-Trepat J.M., Murray K. & Williams P.A. (1972). The Metabolic Divergence in the meta Cleavage of Catechols by Pseudomonas putida NCIB10015. Eur.J.Biochem.28:347-356.
Murray K., Duggleby C.J., Sala-Trepat J.M. & Williams P.A. (1972). The Metabolism of Benzoate and Methylbenzoates via the meta-Cleavage pathay by Pseudomonas arvilla mt-2. Eur.J.Biochem.28:301-310.
Little M. & Williams P.A. (1971). A Bacterial Halidohydrolase. Its Purification, Some Properties and its Modification by Specific Amino Acid Reagents. Eur.J.Biochem. 21:99-109.
Catterall F.A., Sala-Trepat J.M. & Williams P.A. (1971). The Coexistence of Two Pathways for the Metabolism of 2-Hydroxymuconic semialdehyde in a Naphthalene-grown Pseudomonad. Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.43:463-469.
Catterall F.A., Murray K. & Williams P.A. (1971). The Configuration of the 1,2-Dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene formed in the bacterial metabolism of naphthalene. Biochim.Biophys.Acta. 237:361-364.
Catterall F.A. & Williams P.A. (1971). Some Properties of the Naphthalene Oxygenase from Pseudomonas sp. NCIB9816. J.Gen.Microbiol.67:117-124.
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